Trigger Words
Article 10: Article 10 of the Constitution of Malaysia guarantees Malaysian citizens the right to freedom of speech, freedom of assembly and freedom of association. Unlike comparable provisions in constitutional law such as the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Article 10 entitles citizens to such freedoms as are not restricted by the government, instead of absolutely guaranteeing those freedoms.
Birth of a Nation: Birth of a Nation was a 1915 White supremacist silent movie, depicting African Americans in a negative and animalistic light. This movie sparked many riots and protests.
Dollar Diplomacy: Created by Theodore Roosevelt, Dollar Diplomacy was a foreign policy that encourages and protects capital investment and commercial and financial involvement abroad
Harlem Renaissance: The Harlem Renaissance was a period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art, music, and literature flourished.
KKK: The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was a secret organization of White Southerners formed after the US Civil War to fight Black emancipation and Northern domination. They used violence and fear to keep African Americans from progressing (i.e. public lynching and beatings).
Nativism: Nativism is a sociopolitical policy, especially in the United States in the 19th century, favoring the interests of established inhabitants over those of immigrants. Nativism rose again with the mass migration of European immigrants around the late 1800s/early 1900s. Nativism also occurred when Japanese and Chinese immigrants came to work on American railways-leading to segregation (gentleman’s treaty) and racial tension.
Palmer Raids: The Palmer Raids was attempts by the United States Department of Justice to arrest and deport left-wing radicals, especially anarchists, from the United States. The raids and arrests occurred in November 1919 and January 1920 under the leadership of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. Though more than 500 foreign citizens were deported, including a number of prominent leftist leaders, Palmer's efforts were largely frustrated by officials at the US Department of Labor who had responsibility for deportations and who objected to Palmer's methods and disrespect for the legal process.
Schenck v. US: Schenck v. United States (1919), was a United States Supreme Court decision that upheld the Espionage Act of 1917 and concluded that a defendant did not have a First Amendment right to freedom of speech against the draft during World War I.
Volstead Act: The Volstead Act was the first step in Prohibition. It prohibited intoxicating beverages; it regulated the manufacturing, production, use, and sale of high-proof spirits for other than beverage purposes, and promoted the use of alcohol for scientific research and religious matters.
Birth of a Nation: Birth of a Nation was a 1915 White supremacist silent movie, depicting African Americans in a negative and animalistic light. This movie sparked many riots and protests.
Dollar Diplomacy: Created by Theodore Roosevelt, Dollar Diplomacy was a foreign policy that encourages and protects capital investment and commercial and financial involvement abroad
Harlem Renaissance: The Harlem Renaissance was a period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art, music, and literature flourished.
KKK: The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was a secret organization of White Southerners formed after the US Civil War to fight Black emancipation and Northern domination. They used violence and fear to keep African Americans from progressing (i.e. public lynching and beatings).
Nativism: Nativism is a sociopolitical policy, especially in the United States in the 19th century, favoring the interests of established inhabitants over those of immigrants. Nativism rose again with the mass migration of European immigrants around the late 1800s/early 1900s. Nativism also occurred when Japanese and Chinese immigrants came to work on American railways-leading to segregation (gentleman’s treaty) and racial tension.
Palmer Raids: The Palmer Raids was attempts by the United States Department of Justice to arrest and deport left-wing radicals, especially anarchists, from the United States. The raids and arrests occurred in November 1919 and January 1920 under the leadership of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. Though more than 500 foreign citizens were deported, including a number of prominent leftist leaders, Palmer's efforts were largely frustrated by officials at the US Department of Labor who had responsibility for deportations and who objected to Palmer's methods and disrespect for the legal process.
Schenck v. US: Schenck v. United States (1919), was a United States Supreme Court decision that upheld the Espionage Act of 1917 and concluded that a defendant did not have a First Amendment right to freedom of speech against the draft during World War I.
Volstead Act: The Volstead Act was the first step in Prohibition. It prohibited intoxicating beverages; it regulated the manufacturing, production, use, and sale of high-proof spirits for other than beverage purposes, and promoted the use of alcohol for scientific research and religious matters.
Primary Sources
Close the Gates, Political Cartoon, Chicago Tribune 1919
http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/library/alumni/online_exhibits/digital/redscare/IMAGES_LG/Close_the_Gate.gif
Description: The cartoon depicts "undesirable" immigrants coming into the United States through an open door titled "Immigrant restrictions", carrying baggage with them. The immigrant is depicted with his head as a bomb, fuse lit. The wall the gate is built into is strong and has spikes on the end but the door is wide open and unguarded.
Analyze: This document shows how many people felt about the herds of immigrants pouring faster and faster into the United States. Between the "undesirable" baggage and the lit bomb the immigrants are shown as being a problem. The gate is unlocked, un-guarded and wide open, allowing these "undesirables" to come in easily. The fuse on the bomb suggests that they won't "explode" immediately but will eventually cause problems for the United States. The strong wall placed next to the weak, open gate is suggesting that America would be a stronger place if the gate was closed preventing the immigrants from coming in so easily.
A n t h o n y
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The Zimmerman Note
http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/zimmermann/
Description: The Zimmerman note was a telegram from the German prime minister, Arthur Zimmerman, to the prime Minister of Mexico. The telegram discussed an alliance between Germany and Mexico to "take down" the United States. In this not Germany told Mexico that if they helped, Germany would help them get some of the land back (that was now a part of the United states). British cryptographers deciphered the note.
Significance: This was the "last straw" for the U.S.'s neutrality. The publication of this note lead to America's Declaration of war against Germany. This telegram also added fuel to american's anti-German fire. Soon racial hate crimes against German Americans sparked and the Espionage Act was soon set in place, adding onto America's foreign spy paranoia.
Fatima O.
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Nobody Would Eat Kraut http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/2/
Summary: People were very prejudiced against German-Americans during the war, and sometimes would burn all things they had that were made in Germany.
Significance: This had a long term affect in the community, with resentment between Americans and German Americans lasting for years afterward.
Sydney Wilberton
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Civilization Begins At Home, 1898 (Political Cartoon)
Summary: This political cartoon is from the anti-imperialistic point of view. It's revealing how the president at the time, William McKinley is thinking and contemplating imperial adventures, meanwhile in his own country, he is ignoring the racial problems. These racial problems were tied with violence and lynching, where in the picture, the person beside McKinley, is a figure of Justice revealing this scene of the lynching taking place.
Significance: The Significance of this picture is that in this time, McKinley has his eyes on the map which reads "The Phillipines Islands," and which was soon to become US territory. The anti-imperialists were trying to point out through this picture that, America was uncivilized themselves, but trying to venture off and civilize other countires. To them this did not make sense, therefore, the picture is used to show the scene of American racial injustices going on in our own country, eluding that the US should not be trying to civilize others, but focus of ourselves.
Andrea M.
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Significance: The Significance of this picture is that in this time, McKinley has his eyes on the map which reads "The Phillipines Islands," and which was soon to become US territory. The anti-imperialists were trying to point out through this picture that, America was uncivilized themselves, but trying to venture off and civilize other countires. To them this did not make sense, therefore, the picture is used to show the scene of American racial injustices going on in our own country, eluding that the US should not be trying to civilize others, but focus of ourselves.
Andrea M.
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