Trigger Words
Big Stick: Roosevelt said, "walk softly and carry a big stick." In international affairs, ask first but bring along a big army to help convince them. Threaten to use force, act as international policemen. It was his foreign policy in Latin America.
Compromise 1877: Deal made by a special congressional commission on March 2, 1877, to resolve the disputed presidential election of 1876; Republican Rutherford B. Hayes, who had lost the popular vote, was declared the winner in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, marking the end of Reconstruction.
Dawes Act: An 1887 law terminating tribal ownership of land and allotting some parcels of land to individual Indians with the remainder of the land left open for white settlement. It included provisions for Indian education and eventual citizenship. The law led to corruption, exploitation, and the weakening of Indian tribal culture. It was reversed in 1934.
Gentlemen's Agreement: Anti-Japanese campaign; San Francisco School Board orders a separate school for Orientals
Compromise between Japan and the U.S.; Repeal school segregation; Government of Japan would issue passports to the U.S. only to non-laborers; laborers who lived in America but had been visiting Japan; the wives, parents, and children of those who had settled in America.
Ghost Dance: was a religious movement which was incorporated into numerous Native American belief systems. The traditional ritual used in the Ghost Dance, the circle dance, has been used by many Native Americans since prehistoric times.
Haymarket Square: 1886, Chicago General strike against railroads and for 8 hour workdays. Meant to be peaceful but bomb went off in a crowd of police and led to shooting of workers. Important because workers started to gain momentum fort their case of shorter work days. Lead to conspiracy trial, arrested leaders of the strike (6 of 8 weren't there during bombing).
Homestead Strike: The Homestead Strike was an industrial lockout and strike which began on June 30, 1892, culminating in a battle between strikers and private security agents on July 6, 1892. It was one of the most serious disputes in US labor history.
Interstate Commerce Act: congressional leslation that est. interstate commerce commission, compelled railroads to publish standard rates, prohibited rebates and pools; railroads quickly became adept at using the Act to achieve their own ends, but the Act gave the govt an important means to regulate big business.
NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People: to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination.
Panic 1873: severe international economic depression between the Europe and US. Caused by the fall of demand for silver in Europe and US.; Precipitated a wall street panic of 1873 and plunged the economy into a five year depression known as the long depression.
Pendleton Act: Passed in 1883, an act that created a federal civil service so that hiring and promotion would be based on merit rather than patroage (political connections).
Plessy vs. Ferguson: 1896 landmark Supreme Court Case. Lower court case came out of Louisiana. Homer Plessy challenges the separate cars on trains. S. court declares segregation legal and causes the Southern states to create Jim Crow laws. (seperate but equal)
Spanish American War: William McKinley was president during this time; After the explosion of the USS Maine, American forces were sent to the Pacific to seize the Philippines; Filipinos believed the US was going to help them gain independence, but it quickly turned into American control over the Philippines.
Compromise 1877: Deal made by a special congressional commission on March 2, 1877, to resolve the disputed presidential election of 1876; Republican Rutherford B. Hayes, who had lost the popular vote, was declared the winner in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, marking the end of Reconstruction.
Dawes Act: An 1887 law terminating tribal ownership of land and allotting some parcels of land to individual Indians with the remainder of the land left open for white settlement. It included provisions for Indian education and eventual citizenship. The law led to corruption, exploitation, and the weakening of Indian tribal culture. It was reversed in 1934.
Gentlemen's Agreement: Anti-Japanese campaign; San Francisco School Board orders a separate school for Orientals
Compromise between Japan and the U.S.; Repeal school segregation; Government of Japan would issue passports to the U.S. only to non-laborers; laborers who lived in America but had been visiting Japan; the wives, parents, and children of those who had settled in America.
Ghost Dance: was a religious movement which was incorporated into numerous Native American belief systems. The traditional ritual used in the Ghost Dance, the circle dance, has been used by many Native Americans since prehistoric times.
Haymarket Square: 1886, Chicago General strike against railroads and for 8 hour workdays. Meant to be peaceful but bomb went off in a crowd of police and led to shooting of workers. Important because workers started to gain momentum fort their case of shorter work days. Lead to conspiracy trial, arrested leaders of the strike (6 of 8 weren't there during bombing).
Homestead Strike: The Homestead Strike was an industrial lockout and strike which began on June 30, 1892, culminating in a battle between strikers and private security agents on July 6, 1892. It was one of the most serious disputes in US labor history.
Interstate Commerce Act: congressional leslation that est. interstate commerce commission, compelled railroads to publish standard rates, prohibited rebates and pools; railroads quickly became adept at using the Act to achieve their own ends, but the Act gave the govt an important means to regulate big business.
NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People: to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination.
Panic 1873: severe international economic depression between the Europe and US. Caused by the fall of demand for silver in Europe and US.; Precipitated a wall street panic of 1873 and plunged the economy into a five year depression known as the long depression.
Pendleton Act: Passed in 1883, an act that created a federal civil service so that hiring and promotion would be based on merit rather than patroage (political connections).
Plessy vs. Ferguson: 1896 landmark Supreme Court Case. Lower court case came out of Louisiana. Homer Plessy challenges the separate cars on trains. S. court declares segregation legal and causes the Southern states to create Jim Crow laws. (seperate but equal)
Spanish American War: William McKinley was president during this time; After the explosion of the USS Maine, American forces were sent to the Pacific to seize the Philippines; Filipinos believed the US was going to help them gain independence, but it quickly turned into American control over the Philippines.
Primary Sources
1907, The Conservation of Natural Resources, Theodore Roosevelt
Link: http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/eight/trconserv.htm
Description: Theodore Roosevelt strongly makes the case to congress that resources are limited and need to be conserved, but shouldn't just be allowed to rot. He describes what he believes as the middle path between completely leaving the resources alone and completely depleting them.
Analyze: This document clearly shows how many felt at the time about the preservation of natural resources. In the past people had just pushed westward to find more land and more resources but now that they were as far west as possible without ending up far-east they knew that there was nowhere new to go when the resources were all used up. Some people believed that the resources were put there by God and were meant to be used by humans and other people believed that the resources were limited and finite. Teddy combines the two beliefs in a useful way which benefits both sides.
A n t h o n y
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Louisiana's Black Codes
Link : http://college.cengage.com/history/us/kennedy/am_pageant/12e/students/primary/blackcode.htm
Summary: These codes were established in 1865 after Reconstruction in the South had ended and the troops that were there to protect the freed blacks had migrated back to the north. These codes were called "Jim Crow" laws
The significance is that these laws were a HUGE setback for abolitionists who had just freed the slaves into a new form of slavery. Things like suffrage for black males had also taken a turn for the worst as blacks were constantly harassed, abused, and forced out of the ballots(literacy tests also helped to keep blacks from voting).
Fatima O.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tuskegee Institution
Link: http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/eight/trconserv.htm
Summary: This primary source is a picture in the late 19th century when the Tuskegee Institution was created. The Tuckegee Institution was founded by former slave Booker T. Washington and focused on teaching African Americans the essential skills to earn a living and gain the trust of white Americans. As seen in the picture, young African American men and women are in this classroom with an African American teacher. There seems to be a lot in one room, seeming as the Institution did not have so many rooms like schools in the present-day. This is understandable because Booker T. Washington was just starting with this institution, and indeed this was a good start to educate African Americans in need of a work. Along with that work came the relationship between whites and blacks and the reason this schooling is important.
Significance: The significance of this picture is that the Tuskegee is the first formal school for African Americans. It is the first step of urging blacks to better themselves through education and economic advancement, rather than by trying to get equal rights. Also, in the classroom, the African Americans seem to be at a young age so the lessons will stimulate through them and so forth.
Andrea M.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Link: http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/eight/trconserv.htm
Description: Theodore Roosevelt strongly makes the case to congress that resources are limited and need to be conserved, but shouldn't just be allowed to rot. He describes what he believes as the middle path between completely leaving the resources alone and completely depleting them.
Analyze: This document clearly shows how many felt at the time about the preservation of natural resources. In the past people had just pushed westward to find more land and more resources but now that they were as far west as possible without ending up far-east they knew that there was nowhere new to go when the resources were all used up. Some people believed that the resources were put there by God and were meant to be used by humans and other people believed that the resources were limited and finite. Teddy combines the two beliefs in a useful way which benefits both sides.
A n t h o n y
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Louisiana's Black Codes
Link : http://college.cengage.com/history/us/kennedy/am_pageant/12e/students/primary/blackcode.htm
Summary: These codes were established in 1865 after Reconstruction in the South had ended and the troops that were there to protect the freed blacks had migrated back to the north. These codes were called "Jim Crow" laws
The significance is that these laws were a HUGE setback for abolitionists who had just freed the slaves into a new form of slavery. Things like suffrage for black males had also taken a turn for the worst as blacks were constantly harassed, abused, and forced out of the ballots(literacy tests also helped to keep blacks from voting).
Fatima O.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tuskegee Institution
Link: http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/eight/trconserv.htm
Summary: This primary source is a picture in the late 19th century when the Tuskegee Institution was created. The Tuckegee Institution was founded by former slave Booker T. Washington and focused on teaching African Americans the essential skills to earn a living and gain the trust of white Americans. As seen in the picture, young African American men and women are in this classroom with an African American teacher. There seems to be a lot in one room, seeming as the Institution did not have so many rooms like schools in the present-day. This is understandable because Booker T. Washington was just starting with this institution, and indeed this was a good start to educate African Americans in need of a work. Along with that work came the relationship between whites and blacks and the reason this schooling is important.
Significance: The significance of this picture is that the Tuskegee is the first formal school for African Americans. It is the first step of urging blacks to better themselves through education and economic advancement, rather than by trying to get equal rights. Also, in the classroom, the African Americans seem to be at a young age so the lessons will stimulate through them and so forth.
Andrea M.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Timeline
4 Worlds
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